Masalah pada Tata Laksana Anemia Aplastik Didapat

Isyanto Isyanto, Maria Abdulsalam

Sari


Anemia aplastik adalah kegagalan sumsum tulang baik secara fisiologis maupun anatomis.
Penyakit ini ditandai oleh penurunan atau tidak ada faktor pembentuk sel darah dalam
sumsum tulang, pansitopenia darah perifer, tanpa disertai hepatosplenomegali atau
limfadenopati. Penanganan anemia aplastik masih merupakan masalah yang penting karena
patofisiologi penyakit ini masih belum pasti. Tata laksana anemia aplastik terdiri dari tata
laksana suportif terhadap keadaan yang disebabkan oleh pansitopenia seperti anemia, infeksi
dan perdarahan, serta tata laksana serta pengobatan yang bertujuan untuk mengganti sel
induk yang gagal dalam memproduksi sel-sel darah dan menekan proses imunologis yang
terjadi. Tata laksana kuratif terdiri dan transplantasi sumsum tulang dan penggunaan
obat-obat imunosupresan. Namun demikian tata laksana anemia aplastik baik yang bersifat
suportif maupun kuratif, dapat menimbulkan masalah-masalah yang mempengaruhi
prognosis pasien. Prognosis pasien anemia aplastik umumnya buruk, sekitar dua pertiga
pasien meninggal setelah 6 bulan diagnosis ditegakkan sebagai anemia aplastik.


Kata Kunci


acquired aplastic anemia; bone marrow transplantation; immunosupression

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp7.1.2005.26-33

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