Esofagitis Refluks Pada Anak
Sari
Esofagitis refluks adalah proses inflamasi pada esofagus akibat refluks gastroesofagus.
Toksisitas isi refluks, frekuensi, durasi episode refluks, dan resistensi esofagus terhadap
isi refluks merupakan faktor yang berperan terhadap kejadian esofagitis. Gejala klinis
esofagitis refluks tidak spesifik. Pada bayi sering terlihat muntah disertai gejala klinis
iritabel, tidur tidak nyaman, menolak makan, dan gagal tumbuh, sedangkan pada anak
yang lebih besar didapatkan keluhan heartburn dan nyeri epigastrium. Esofagitis tersebar
secara ‘patchy’ dan tidak merata sehingga ketelitian pemeriksaan sangat diperlukan.
Secara makroskopis mukosa esofagus dapat terlihat hiperemis, erosi, atau ulkus, sedangkan
pada patologi anatomi terlihat gambaran hiperplasia membran basal dengan papila yang
memanjang. Antagonis reseptor H2 dan inhibitor pompa proton (IPP) telah digunakan
secara luas untuk terapi esofagitis. Efek jangka pendek, jangka panjang, dan pencegahan
relaps obat-obat tersebut memperlihatkan hasil yang memuaskan, walaupun beberapa
data menunjukkan keunggulan IPP dibanding antagonis reseptor H2.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp8.1.2006.43-53
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